A couple points--
The various grains are all pretty close to each other in content of amino acids & carb calories per unit weight, so there is no nutritional magic in preferring one over another. ....Growing barley was a little more productive than growing wheat in the Mediterranean climate, but wheat gave a more delicate, palatable bread than berley. https://everything.explained.today/Agriculture_in_ancient_Rome/#Ref-5
After burning off the C, H, O & N in biomass as co2, h2o & NOx to the atmosphere, what's left (ash) is mostly the inorganic minerals-- high in K, Ca, & Mg....Dissolve it in water, and it makes a great fertilizer for your veggie garden or primitive Gatorade for your gladiator--- but be careful to dilute it well because that's also the recipe for making lye. ..but those gladiators were tough. I wonder if they chewed nails for their Iron?