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zorba

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  1. There are some interesting Hellenistic Hybrids, often with royal women. Several Egyptian queens become associated with Aphrodite and receive cults as goddesses sharing the temple. Some examples are Berenike-Aphrodite, and Arsinoe-Aphrodite. They appear as combined dieties in both Egyptian texts and Greek texts. The typical Greek custom when introduced to foriegn gods was to assign them to one or more Greek god, this happens with all the Egyptian gods in Herodotus and is adopted by the Romans. I'm not sure if you would count them as true hybrid gods though, they do in the roman period begin to pick up aspects of the different gods they are associated with, Isis (as mentioned above) does this in particular. Additionally, most Egyptian gods come to be associated with different Egyptian gods, especially those that relate to the Pharaoh.
  2. Augustus does from the very start of his reign (after Actium) use the Greek word for King, Basileus, in most of the documents (otherwise uses Sebastos (translation of Augustus). This marks a continuity with the Hellenisitic kings in terms of titulture. I think this suggests that it is perfectly reasonable to refer to Augustus with the word emperor, since we don't use king for any roman ruler.
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