Pontius Pilate was the Prefect (Administrator) of the Roman province Judaea
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judaea_(Roman_province)
The Roman Legions headquartered in Caesarea Maritima the capital of the Roman province Judaea
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caesarea_Maritima
There was a Roman fortress in Jerusalem, Castellum (Fort) Antonia with four towers in the northwestern corner of the Temple Mount that housed the Roman Temple guards and a Roman garrison. Jesus Christ was brought inside the fort's walls, to the courtyard of the Comander Pontius Pilate's house (Praetorium) where He was ill-treated by the Roman soldiers.