Legio III Parthica
Foundation:
Founded in 197 AD by Septimius Severus for his campaign against the Parthians.
Permanent Bases:
I. Rhesaena, Mesopotamia
Events:
197 - 198 AD: Parthian Campaign of Severus.
Likely involved in the later eastern campaigns of Caracalla, Alexander Severus, Gordian, Philip and Valerian.
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Legio IV Flavia Felix (Vespasian's fortunate)
Foundation:
Reconstituted by Vespasian from IV Macedonica which was disgraced and disbanded during the Batavian revolt in 69 to 70 AD.
Gnaeus Julius Agricola (father-in-law of Tacitus) oversaw its reconstition.
Its symbol was the lion.
Permanent Bases:
I. 70? - 86 AD: Burnum, Dalmatia. (Kistanje)
II. 86-101/102 AD: Upper Moesia at Singidunum.
III. 102 - 117? AD: Dacia at Sarmizegethusa (Colonia Ulpia Traiana)
IV. 117? - late 4th Cent. AD: - Singidunum (Belgrade), Dacia.
Events:
102 - 106 AD: Fought in Trajan's Dacian campaigns.
138 - 161 AD: During the reign of Antoninus Pius, subunits sent to Mauretania to fight against the Moors.
166 - 180 AD: Marcus Aurelius' Marcommanic wars.
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Legio IV Macedonica
One of the original 28 Augustan Legions
Legio IV Scythia
One of the original 28 Augustan Legions
Foundation:
Founded by Marcus Antonius (Antony) after 42 BC. Possibly formed to be used in Antony's Parthian campaign or against nomadic Scythian incursions.
Its emblem was the Capricorn.
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Legio V Alaudae ("Larks" in Celtic)
One of the original 28 Augustan Legions
Foundation:
Founded by Caesar in Transalpine Gaul in 52 BC (The first legion recruited outside Italy)
Its symbol was the elephant.
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Legio V Macedonica
One of the original 28 Augustan Legions
Foundation:
Recruited in 43 BC by Consul Caius Vibius Pansa and Octavian.
Its symbol was the bull, but seemed to use the eagle as well.
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Legio VI Ferrata (Ironclad)
One of the original 28 Augustan Legions
Legio VI Victrix
One of the original 28 Augustan Legions
Foundation:
Founded by Octavian in 41 BC, possibly from retired veterans of Caesar's legions.
Like most Caesarean legions, its emblem was likely a bull.
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Legio VII Claudia Pia Fidelis (Loyal and Faithful to Claudius)
One of the original 28 Augustan Legions
Foundation:
Founded prior to 59 BC, likely as a Consular Legion. Was inherited by Caesar as governor of Gallia in 58 BC.
Its symbol was the bull.
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Legio VII Hispana (Later Gemina or "Twin")
Foundation:
Founded by Servius Sulpicius Galba as Governor of Hispania in 68 AD. Recruited for his march on Rome after the death of Nero.
Its emblem is unknown.
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Legio VIII Augusta
One of the original 28 Augustan Legions
Foundation:
Founded prior to 59 BC, likely as a Consular Legion. Was inherited by Caesar as governor of Gallia in 58 BC.
Its symbol was the bull.
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Legio IX Hispana
One of the original 28 Augustan Legions
Foundation:
Founded prior to 59 BC, likely as a Consular Legion. Was inherited by Caesar as governor of Gallia in 58 BC.
Its symbol is unknown, but likely was the bull.
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Legio X Fretensis (Legion of the sea straights)
One of the original 28 Augustan Legions
Foundation:
Founded in 41 BC by Octavian to be used in Sicily against Sextus Pompey.
The standards of this legion were the bull, warship, dolphin and boar. Later, however (3rd Cent.) only the bull was used.
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Legio X Gemina
One of the original 28 Augustan Legions
Foundation:
Founded prior to 59 BC, likely as a Consular Legion. Was inherited by Caesar as governor of Gallia in 58 BC.
Its symbol was the bull.
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Legio XI Claudia Pia Fidelis (Loyal and Faithful to Claudius)
One of the original 28 Augustan Legions
Foundation:
Likely founded by Caesar in 58 BC for his campaign against the Helvetians. Later reconstituted by Octavian in 42 BC.
Its symbol may have been a bull but there is evidence of the sea god Neptune.
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