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Virgil

Publius Vergilius Maro (Virgil) (70 - 19 BC)

Publius Vergilius Maro is the mostly highly regarded Roman poet. Born in Cisalpine Gaul to a farmer, he received the finest education possible to a family of moderate means. He studied first in Cremona, then Milan, Naples and eventually Rome. His rural farm life had a significant impact on his work and his first published pieces, the Eclogues or Bucolics, were a testament to rural life. He was an influential member of the Roman literary circle of the Augustan age, and was a contemporary of Maecenas and Augustus himself.

After the Eclogues, Virgil's writing continued with rural influences but took on a new personality of realism and moral virtue. Georgics, his next work, was an interpretive piece reflecting on the virtues of farm life and its attraction. After 30 BC, Virgil's career was dedicated to writing one of the most epic pieces in the history of literature. The Aeneid, regarded as a classical masterpiece, influenced writers well into the Middle Ages, and stands out as the single most highly regarded Latin poem. It tells the story of Aeneas and the founding of Rome. Woven in with mythological legend and Roman history, the work is covered in 12 total books, written simply but powerful.

Unfortunately, Virgil's death in 19 BC left the Aeneid unfinished, but it still stands as a masterpiece of ancient literature.


Works:


  • Eclogues
  • Georgics
  • Aeneid
Did you know...
Gallia Cisalpina meant "This side of the Alps" from Rome's point of view, as opposed to Transalpine Gallia.

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The Roman Twelve Tables of Law
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The Twelve Tables are the first attempt to make a law code, and remained the only attempt for nearly one thousand years.

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Roman prisoner shackle
Roman Prisons

Typically, Roman prisons were not used to punish criminals, but instead served only to hold people awaiting trial or execution.

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Ancient Rome addressing the common people (plebs)
Tribunes of the Plebs

The Tribune of the Plebes (tribunus plebis) was a magistracy established in 494 BC. It was created to provide the people with a direct representative magistrate.

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Roman Emperor Augustus
The Deeds of the Divine Augustus

A copy of the acts of the Deified Augustus by which he placed the whole world under the sovereignty of the Roman people.

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The Government of the Roman Empire: A Sourcebook by Dr Barbara Levick
The Government of the Roman Empire: A Sourcebook
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This book reveals how an empire that stretched from Glasgow to Aswan in Egypt could be ruled from a single city and still survive more than a thousand years.

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Empire of Honour: The Art of Government in the Roman World by J. E. Lendon
Empire of Honour: The Art of Government in the Roman World
by J. E. Lendon

This second edition includes a new introduction that explores the consequences for government and the governing classes of the replacement of the Republic by the rule of emperors.

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Roman Government's Response to Crisis, A.D.235-337 by Ramsay MacMullen
Roman Government's Response to Crisis, A.D.235-337
by Ramsay MacMullen

During the period, the government of the Roman empire met the most prolonged crisis of its history and survived. This text is an early attempt at an inclusive study of the origins and evolutions of this transformation in the ancient world.

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Swords Against The Senate: The Rise Of The Roman Army And The Fall Of The Republic by Erik Hildinger
Swords Against The Senate: The Rise Of The Roman Army And The Fall Of The Republic
by Erik Hildinger

Swords Against the Senate describes the first three decades of Rome's century-long civil war that transformed it from a republic to an imperial autocracy, from the Rome of citizen leaders to the Rome of decadent emperor thugs.

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Augustus, First Roman Emperor: Power, Propaganda and the Politics of Survival by Matthew D. H. Clark
Augustus, First Roman Emperor: Power, Propaganda and the Politics of Survival
by Matthew D. H. Clark

Rome's first emperor, Augustus, the adopted son of Julius Caesar, has probably had the most lasting effect on history of all rulers of the classical world. This book focuses on his rise to power and on the ways in which he then maintained authority throughout his reign.

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How Did the Political Structure in Rome influence U.S. Political Structure?
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When was Rome the Most Just and Fair?
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Heads of State in Ancient Rome
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Would the Republic Have Survived Had They Served a 2nd Course?
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Can Anyone Tell Me About The 1st Triumvirate?
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Did the Emperors Bring About the Need for a Split Empire?
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